Continuous Systems

 
Continuous systems are modled through algebraic and differential system of equations (DAE) with the time as independent variable.
 
F(x,dx/dt,t)

where x is the vector of unknowns, dx/dt vector of derivatives of the unknowns with respect to time, and t is time.

- no analytical solution
- approximated by using digital techniques
- the  unknowns of a DAE are analytic functions of the time
   (they are continuous by intervals with a finite number of discontinuities)